and more successful internship session. We view this program as a core activity directly tied to growing our talented workforce. And last, in mid-July, the management team published its 2026 to 2030 growth strategy plan to our board of directors. Like prior years, we refined and updated our plans based on lessons learned, market dynamics and evolving business priorities and opportunities. In summary, we continue to build a best-in-class and diversified company. Jack will now provide a more detailed review of our financial results.

Thank you, Steve, and good morning. MACOM again achieved multiple new quarterly records associated with our financial performance during our fiscal third quarter. Benefits from ongoing customer demand and operational improvements across the organization have again increased revenue, profitability, and cash flow. Fiscal Q3 revenue was $342.2 million, up 18.4% sequentially and up 35.8% year-over-year, driven by growth across all three of our end markets with data center leading, followed by IND and telecom. The strong bookings across all our end markets resulted in a book-to-bill of 1.6 to 1. As a result, we continue to have strong visibility across the business, and Q3 marks our highest quarterly bookings ever. Adjusted gross profit for fiscal Q3 was $204.2 million or 59.7% of revenue. This represents a gross margin increase of 120 basis points over the prior quarter. We have and continue to expand our manufacturing capacity to meet growing customer demand. We expect to add new capacity across our operations during the remainder of fiscal 2026 and into fiscal 2027. These expansion actions will help ensure that we meet our operational and financial growth plans. The product demand increases across the business have resulted in enhanced utilization of our FABs, helping to drive higher gross margins. As we move forward, we expect ongoing quarterly sequential gross margin improvements through the remainder of fiscal 2026 and fiscal 2027. Total adjusted operating expense for our third quarter was $96.5 million, consisting of research and development expenses of $65.3 million and selling, general, and administrative expenses of $31.2 million. As anticipated, the sequential increase in adjusted operating expense compared to Q2 was primarily driven by ongoing R&D investments and employee-related costs. As our business expands, we expect to continue to leverage our existing OpEx functions. We will efficiently manage our SG&A and prioritize future R&D investments to support our growth objectives. Adjusted depreciation expense for fiscal Q3 2026 remained relatively stable at $9 million in line with the prior quarter. Adjusted operating income in fiscal Q3 was another record coming in at $107.7 million up 33.9% sequentially from $80.5 million in fiscal Q2 2026 and up 69.6% year-on-year. This increase in adjusted operating income further reflects the leverage in our operating model as the business continues to scale. I would like to note that our Q3 fiscal year 2026 adjusted operating margin was 31.5%. and over the past year has increased from 25.2% in Q3 fiscal year 2025. We expect our adjusted operating margin to be approximately 37% for the fourth fiscal quarter. For fiscal Q3, we had adjusted net interest income of $5.5 million, a decrease of approximately $1 million sequentially from $6.5 million in Q2. This lower interest income was partially due to the planned repayment of our 2026 convertible notes in March 2026, as well as our $61 million investment in IQE during the June quarter. Our adjusted income tax rate in fiscal Q3 was 3% and resulted in an expense of approximately $3.4 million. We expect our adjusted income tax rate to remain at 3% for our fiscal Q4 2026. I would like to highlight that due to the increasing profitability, we currently estimate our adjusted income tax rate will increase in fiscal 2027. Depending on the jurisdictional mix of our income, we anticipate our adjusted tax rate will begin to rise from our current 3% to mid-single digits as we progress through fiscal year 2027. And to close out our fiscal Q3 2026 income statement discussion, I am pleased to note our adjusted net income increased 30.2% to $109.8 million compared to $84.3 million in fiscal Q2 2026. Adjusted earnings per fully diluted share was $1.40 utilizing a share count of 78.4 million shares compared to $1.09 of adjusted earnings per share in fiscal Q2 2026. We strive to optimize the business's performance which has contributed to sequential increases in our adjusted operating income and EPS over the past 12 quarters. Now onto operational balance sheet and cash flow items. Our Q3 accounts receivable balance was $179.1 million, up over $19.5 million compared to our fiscal Q2 2026 balance. Our day sales outstanding averaged 48 days compared to the previous quarter at 50 days. Inventories were $281.5 million at quarter end, up sequentially from $252.2 million to support increasing demand across the business. Inventory turns increased to two times, up 0.1 from the preceding quarter. Fiscal Q3 cash flow from operations was approximately $80 million, up $1.3 million sequentially. We expect that our Q4 cash flow from operations will be in excess of $100 million. Capital expenditures total $20.8 million for fiscal Q3. We estimate fiscal year 2026 CapEx to be in the range of $60 to $65 million. MACOM has been disciplined with its CapEx in recent years, investing $22.4 million in fiscal year 2024 and $42.6 million in fiscal year 2025. A majority of this CAPEX has been focused on expanding capacity at our production facilities and enhancing our R&D capabilities in support of customer demand. I would like to highlight that our capital plans are focused on expanding existing fab manufacturing capacity and capabilities. Typically, our new capacity CAPEX is installed and online in less than one year from the start of each project. We believe this approach will support all of our growth objectives minimize financial risk while maximizing profitability and shareholder value. Next, moving on to other balance sheet items. Cash, cash equivalents, and short-term investments as of the end of the third fiscal quarter were $663 million. We view our cash balance as a strategic asset that can be used to help fund ongoing investments to support our growing business. An example of this can be seen in the $61 million investment we made in IQE during the third quarter. We believe this investment will strengthen our supply chain resilience and competitive position. I would also like to note that this investment resulted in a $41 million non-cash gain associated with the GAAP accounting fair value remeasurement of the investments from the investment date through the end of our fiscal quarter on July 3rd, 2026. This non-cash gain was excluded from our non-GAAP results. We are in a net cash position of approximately $322.5 million as of July 3, 2026, when comparing our cash and short-term investments to the book value of our remaining $340.5 million of convertible notes, which mature in December 2029. As we move into our fiscal fourth quarter of 2026 and into fiscal 2027, We remain confident in our ability to keep building upon our strong and diversified foundation to deliver continued financial improvements for MACOM. We acknowledge and appreciate the ongoing hard work and dedication of the MACOM team who make these results possible. I'll now turn the discussion back over to Steve. Thank you, Jack.

MACOM expects revenue in fiscal Q4, ending October 2, 2026, to be in the range of $415 to $425 million. Adjusted gross margin is expected to be in the range of 60 to 61%, and adjusted earnings per share is expected to be between $1.97 and $2.03, based on 78.9 million fully diluted shares. We expect approximately 35% sequential growth in data center, approximately 20% sequential growth in industrial and defense, and Low Single-Digit Sequential Growth and Telecom. I would now like to ask the operator to take any questions.

Thank you. Ladies and gentlemen, to ask a question at this time, you will need to press star 11 on your telephone and wait for your name to be announced. As a reminder, in the consideration of time, please limit yourself to one question and one follow-up per person. One moment for our first question in queue. Our first question coming from the line of Tom O'Malley with Barclays. Your line is now open.

Hey guys, thanks for checking my questions and congrats on the really good results. I wanted to ask specifically within data center, what's driving the strength? You mentioned across the PAM4 portfolio, is it TIAs and drivers? Is it the PDs getting better in the near term? And what's driving the increase book to bill in that portfolio? Just want to get a little flavor of where the strength is coming from specifically in the quarter and the guidance.

Sure. Thanks, Tom, for the question. And just to remind everybody, our data center business has been growing quite rapidly over the past three years. In 2024, we grew by 35%, in 25, 48%, and now we are, looks like we're trending towards about 74% this year. So there's been a lot of moving parts, a lot of new products coming into production. If you pull back and look at our and many more. We have seen tremendous growth from let's say fiscal 25 to fiscal 26. The primary driver is 200 gig PAM4 products, primarily in pluggable optical modules. We have seen tremendous growth from other parts of our portfolio for the data center. In no particular order, certainly our ZR, ZR Lite business is growing quite rapidly over 100% year over year. and other data rates, sort of slower data rates, 100 gig per lane, not only multimode but single mode, all very strong high double digit growth. And some of our legacy products are 25 gig per lane products that support 100 gig FR and LR4 type platforms also exhibiting very strong growth. So what you're seeing is tremendous growth across all of the different data rates and really hitting all of our different product lines. In terms of the book to bill within the business, if you're asking specifically around the data center, I would say it's primarily driven by 1.6 and 800 gig platforms. That is the main driver.

Thanks. And then, you know, good results bring questions on future good results. Traditionally, you've given a little bit of a sneak peek as the fiscal year closes. Just curious if you have any color for where you see the business kind of trending next year. It's been two really good years in a row of about 30% growth. I know you're very much execute as time goes along, but any peek into the growth trajectory into fiscal year 27. Thank you very much.

Right. Thank you, Tom. So a few things there. You're right. It's a little early to talk about our fiscal 27. We're still very much focused on closing out Q4. With that said, if you were just to take the midpoint of our Q4 guidance and annualize that into our fiscal 27, you're going to see numbers that are in the mid-20s, 27, 28 percent as a company. If you drill down and look at our highest growth market, which is our data center business, That number then trends to 50% year-over-year growth. So for us, from where we stand today, that's very much a base case. When we look at our business, our book-to-bill, as you highlighted, has been quite strong this year. Q1, it was 1.3. Q2, it was 1.5. In this past quarter, it was 1.6. So when you look at those numbers, it certainly suggests that We are starting our fiscal 27, or should start our fiscal 27, in a very strong position for growth.

Thank you. Our next question in the queue coming from the lineup, Blaine Curtis with Jefferies. Your line is now open.

Hey, good morning, guys, and I'll just congratulate you on the results. I wanted to ask on telecom, I mean, I feel bad asking because everything seems to be firing on all cylinders. Just kind of curious, I mean, you highlighted the LEO opportunity. I'm just kind of curious when you think that telecom business may accelerate into next year and how to think about that LEO driver layering in.

Yes, you're right. The telecom segment, which is today our smallest segment, is forecasted to grow by sort of double digits this year. We would expect similar performance or better performance next year. We do have, as we've talked about in the past, Two or three major LEO programs that will start production at the end of this calendar year and at the beginning of next. I talked about in my script picking up a really nice optical product position at a large satellite OEM that's a leader in the industry, and we feel like that's going to drive growth for the next two to three years. And we also see several other programs coming online. There's probably... Four or five major customers within the LEO market that we're servicing. In some cases, it's direct-to-sell, which is the lower-frequency, high-power products. In some cases, it's the millimeter-wave backhaul links. We're getting more and more involved in the optics, including free-space optics. And I'll remind everybody, about a year and a half ago at a SATCOM show, we demonstrated a very high-power optical amplifier product. and we are getting a lot of interest from OEMs that want to build high-power optical ground stations. So we're very excited to see that product generate some revenue over the next one to two years. And then the last thing I'll say is we continue to offer these customers the full suite of our manufacturing capability. So they look to us not only as a chip supplier but also as a module and a subsystem supplier.

Thanks, and then maybe one for Jack. Just how do you think about, you said gross margins should increase sequentially all next year. How do you think about the incremental gross margins in the business?

Yeah, thanks for that, Blaine. Yeah, we've been pleased with the gross margin improvement. I think we've been having some conversations throughout this fiscal year with regard to those sequential improvements. Obviously, looking back over the past quarter, 120 basis point improvement in gross margins is something we've been pleased with. That's been supported through some of the increases in volumes that we've seen, but also a lot of hard work in terms of trying to improve yields and other efficiencies along the way. So as we look out into the future, if you look at the midpoint of our guide for the fourth quarter, that has us increasing about 130 basis points, once again supported through the volume increases on the revenue line. As we look further out, it's hard to tell, but we would expect to see some of those sequential improvements on a quarterly basis, similar to what we had seen during 2026. But we try to be a little bit more measured as our gross profit gets a little bit higher, our gross margins get a little bit higher. It's harder to get things out at such a larger rate. So we think in the 25 to 50 basis points per quarter range going forward.

Thank you. Our next question coming from the line of Vivek Arya with Bank of America Securities. Your line is now open.

Thanks for taking my question. Steve, there was recently something in the news about the proposed ban on the Chinese module makers for pluggable transceivers. We don't know whether there is anything more to it, but assuming there are those kind of restrictions, how does that impact Macom in either direction when there are restrictions on some of your potential customers, but then also opens up more opportunities for other U.S.-based customers?

That's right, and thank you for the question, and we're also reading the same news you're reading. I'll sort of make a few points here. First, our data center business and our growth is really driven by U.S. hyperscalers, as well as the enterprise and compute OEMs here in the U.S. These end users are typically directly involved in supply chain decisions in selecting chips for their hardware. And as you know, Macom is selected due to the performance of our products, the uniqueness, our ability to scale, the quality, cost, things like that. Our thinking is that if the hyperscalers have to shift the market share from their supply chain between different transceiver companies due to new regulations, then we would expect to follow that business to those other manufacturers. And so from our point of view, I think we would see a customer mix shift. And I'll just highlight, we have relations with all of the transceiver companies in the industry, including companies that in some of our business areas we actually compete with. So where the transceivers or the NPO or XPO engines are designed and built is a little bit out of our control. As you know, it could be China, Thailand, Taiwan, Vietnam, or here in the U.S. But I think it's important to highlight that the hyperscalers recognize Macom as a strategic supplier. We have compelling products and manufacturing capability. So we'll continue to monitor this, but at this point, We're keeping our head down and it's business as usual. So that's sort of the first point on that. And then the second I'll just highlight, which is pulling back a little bit and looking at our overall exposure to China. We have no manufacturing today in China. We have about 85 employees. They are primarily focused in the application sales and some logistics areas. And the team really is focused in two areas. The first is servicing a few Scandinavian telecom companies that have very large design centers in China that support a lot of the 5G base station infrastructure build-outs globally. And so our teams support those locations with application support. It's primarily RF products and high-power products. And then the second, of course, is our team focuses on the optical industry. And to your point, there's numerous applications Chinese transceiver companies, as well as US and European transceiver companies in China. And so that team is supporting all of those accounts. So the last point I'll make just regarding our overall China exposure is the vast majority of what we sell into China for products is exported out of China in systems which are typically headed to the US. It's the vast majority of our business.

Thank you for that, Steve. The second question is, you gave us a number for your served addressable market, or SAM, for 27. And I'm curious, what is that SAM equivalent number for 2026? And do you expect to gain share in 27? Thank you.

It's a great question, and really our numbers for 2027, and really we have numbers out through 2030, came from the work we did over the past four months developing and updating our strategic plan. I would say we did a bit of a reset on some of our market-based numbers. We brought up our industrial and defense numbers for obvious reasons. There's a lot of spending going on right now. We talked about that in the script. and we also brought up our data center business. So we sort of have sort of a six billion number pegged to the industrial and defense and a six billion in data center and then the balance of about three for telecom. I would say that's up about 20 to 30 percent from 26 to 27. We've seen a lot of new and exciting platforms coming our way. We are absolutely expanding our to address the market. So our SAM, by definition, is growing. And I'll just give a few examples. And really, these examples are what I would consider the accelerators for the next three to five years, which is, number one, more 200 gig per lane products for PAM4. We're adding capacity for our indium phosphide products. We talked about that. There are new programs we're involved in that are both scale up and scale out and to some degree scale across. And we think NPO is going to start to grow significantly starting in 2028. We've talked in the past about coherent light. And then there's other interesting applications including PCIe 6 and also some of the equalizers that we talked about. So those are all very much specific to the data center on the defense side. It's our exposure to the defense systems, primarily radar-based. So you see big programs like Golden Dome. You see lots of refreshing and rebuilding of the U.S. armaments and missile systems. There's been a lot of discussion about stockpiles coming down. And then the last sort of really game-changer is the work that we're doing with drones and anti-drone technology. So those sort of in aggregate are reasons why we decided to bump up and our Sam.

Thank you. Our next question in queue coming from the lineup, Quinn Bolton with Needham & Company. Your line is now open.

Hey, guys. Thanks for taking my question. Steve, you mentioned NPO several times on the call and I think we're hearing this from others in the industry. And so maybe can you spend a minute talking about MECOM's position In NPO, what you're supplying, is it TIA driver arrays? Are you looking at other types of solutions? Would you ultimately provide a full optical engine for NPO, but maybe just a little bit more color on your efforts there?

Sure. Thanks for the question. So I can tell you we are not going to be building engines and supplying engines to the market. So in the case of the data center, we are a chip supplier. and a number of others. Those architectures still need, as you pointed out, drivers and TIAs. And what's different here is the density that's required to bring all of this interconnect to bear. So as I said in my script, customers want smaller parts. They want more channels. They want lower power. They want these products in different form factors. Some customers want to use wire bonds. Some want to use bumped devices. Some use flip chip devices. And so we're engaged with pretty much, well, I wouldn't say all, but probably most of the OEMs that are developing NPO solutions. And what we're finding is these solutions are becoming very specific to the architectures that the hyperscalers are driving. And so those flow downs are coming directly to us. So we have numerous, I would say, somewhere between 10 and 20 active NPO development projects that are servicing various customers and use cases. And so I think that's the general trend. A lot of this revenue will kick in, in our estimation, sometime in 28. Some of these programs will never make it to production. Some will. We'll have to wait and see.

Thank you. And then just, Stephen, looking at the acceleration in the data center business kind of coming out of fiscal 26, I guess, Any thoughts about, you've got three years of accelerating data center growth, certainly looks like fiscal 27 is going to be a good year, but what would it take to see a further acceleration in data center revenue in 27? Is it just continuation of trends, market share gains, kind of what are the puts and takes looking into the next year?

Right, and I think we will Answer that question probably more completely next quarter at the end of our fiscal year in the beginning of 27. We'll probably follow the same methodology we did this year where we'll talk about sort of a base case level of business. And then as we move into the year, as we bring on capacity, as we see these design wins go to production, we will modulate up or down our data center business. I suspect it will be going up. There's more good things happening than, let's say, negative things happening. But we'll really just have to wait and see. I'll also highlight that something that's very important to our data center business and overall Macom growth, which is the amount of R&D spending we're doing as a company. And if you go back just three years in 2023, we were spending as a company about $132 million in R&D. This year, we're going to spend almost $250 million. So we've doubled the amount of R&D spending in about three years. And as we look ahead and as we try to grow into this $15 billion SAM, we will continue to build out and staff our design centers with the best chip designers we can. And we've been very fortunate to be able to really bulk up on our chip design capability, which is really going to pay dividends over the next two to three years. So we'll follow the market dynamics. I'm not sure I'm really completely answering your question, but we do have a lot of projects in the works. We talked a lot about the PDs. We are thinking, as I mentioned, that the CW laser activity is quite positive right now. We are well into the back half of a high-temperature Operating Life Tests and HTAL tests, which typically is 5,000 hours, and the data looks exceptional. So we are building our confidence that we have a winner.

Thank you. Our next question, coming from the lineup, Tori Sandberg with Stifel. Your line is now open.

Yes. Let me echo congratulations on the very strong results. Steve, in your prepared remarks, you sounded much more positive on some of the Indian phosphide projects that you have, including new lasers and high-speed PDs. Can you maybe rank order which ones you're more excited about over the next couple of years? Thanks.

Well, that's a great question. And if you're asking specifically about the PDs or the lasers, the PDs right now are ramping, and we're seeing tremendous demand, and we expect that demand to continue. And we've been adding incremental capacity to support that demand. That has been a great door opener to other strategic relationships with major accounts, so we're very pleased about that. If we're able to bring a CW laser into production in 2028, that's a watershed moment. That'll be a big number that will really drive tremendous growth. You can put the laser market in the billions of dollars of revenue. And so if we can get a fraction of that to start and then grow into it over time, I think we'll be quite happy.

Yeah, that's a great caller. And you also mentioned that you are now basically installed with some capacity in Europe to support that market. I'm just curious, you know, when do you expect to, you know, for especially EU defense revenue to become, you know, more material revenue?

Probably sometime in 28, that defense number will start to grow. We are, as an example, This year, finishing up the conversion of the production line from 3-inch to 6-inch. So we've completed the transition of one process set. We have two more to go, which should be done in the next, I would say, four to six months. A lot of the defense contractors that we engage with today are waiting for us to do that. And so the reason why that's important to those customers is our quality goes up, our cost goes down. and our capacity doubles. So we're very excited to sort of bring that to bear to the European market. Most of the business that we do with the European defense contractors are custom design related, whether we're doing those designs or whether it's a foundry relationship. And I think over the next month or two, I'm told we're going to get one of the largest orders in MESC's history for a UK defense company that's working on Airborne Defense Systems. So very excited about the prospects of that business and that technology. And just to remind everybody, our strategy is the highest power, highest frequency, and highest data rate. And the MESC technologies, which in some cases are sub-100 nanometer gate lengths, checks the box at the highest frequency. So we will leverage that into the US market, the European market, and the satellite market. And those markets are growing and need that technology. So we do expect good things in the future. And just one last point on that. When we acquired that site, we acquired that site from the French government. We paid about 38 million euros. The land was worth about 25 million and they had about $100 million of capital equipment installed in their fab. And they had a broken business. And so it was really, from our point of view, a fixer-upper that we've been working on over the past three years, and it will start to pay dividends probably in about a year from now.

Thank you. Our next question, coming from the lineup, Sean O'Blackland with TD Collin. Your line is now open.

Hey, good morning, guys, and congrats on the very solid numbers, and thanks for letting me on. I also wanted to ask about telecom, but I wanted to see if there's a way to understand telecom The growth drivers outside of LEO, whether it's 5G, the RF power opportunity from your competitor's exit, wired or even cable TV, I think investors have been keenly interested in the LEO business for obvious and good reasons, but we've been seeing some solid numbers coming from others in the cable TV industry from the DOCSIS transition and just Are we maybe underappreciating the non-LEO growth drivers in telecom as an investor base? And maybe brief thoughts on how we should size those buckets within the business?

Yeah, I think that's a very good question. And certainly, we are very focused on the LEO platforms because there's a whole wide array of optical RF, microwave, Thank you for having me. I'll highlight that our GAN4 technology, which is the latest technology suite that our team has developed, is directly applicable to 5G massive MIMO platforms. And today we actually have very little business on the MIMO side. Most of our 5G business is on the macro side. So we see a huge opportunity to actually perhaps more than double our 5G revenue as we start to win these MIMO sockets over the next few years. That market is a bit slow moving. In aggregate, it's probably not growing. But our strategy there is to take market share with a combination of picking up new programs that perhaps a competitor may have had in the past or bringing in new technologies like our GAN4. You mentioned cable infrastructure. Our cable infrastructure business is doing quite well this year. It's actually will be around 40% growth. So that has been a very strong piece of our telecom business. And then the other sort of bright spot inside of telecom is our metro long haul business, which is over 50% growth this year. So there is a lot of work we have to do to really capture some of these other applications. As I talked about R&D spending, I think that's a big part of it. The telecom market is a very focused market. In some cases, or in many cases, they're SOCs, or system on chips, or highly integrated silicon, either CMOS or by CMOS, or SIGI products. And we tend to shy away from those applications. And so that is an area, as we get bigger as a company, we will start to address more of those applications.

Thanks, Steve. That's all... Really helpful, and maybe even related to that as a follow-up, if I could just quickly ask on fiscal 27, not on the revenue side, but any early plans on the expense side, whether OPEX or CAPEX. I know Jack mentioned potentially related to the CW Laser business towards the end of the year, but any early benchmarks we should think about for expenses next year?

Yeah, I think that's a fair question. So the one thing I'll highlight, and Jack mentioned this, and I think it's worth repeating, we're exiting the year over 60% gross margin. We'll have operating margins that are just below 40%. And so you can imagine that our target for next year is to breach operating margins or breach the 40% operating margin level. So that is certainly something we're excited to do. When we think about the expansion, and Jack mentioned this, and especially adding capacity to our fabs, we are very focused on spending the least amount of capital to get the maximum amount of producibility. So when we look at our capital spending for next year, it won't be too dissimilar to this year, sort of in that $60 million range. And that includes stepping up some of the

stepping up some of the infrastructure to support a laser ramp.

So we're very judicious. Some people call Jack Scrooge. I don't know, but I can tell you that we are very careful with the capital spending. Related to that, I'd just like to highlight one other point. So if you remember back in January of 2025, we actually issued a press release saying that we had signed a PMT with the CHIPS office and we had developed an investment plan for the North Carolina and the Massachusetts FABs where the total investment over five years was going to be about $345 million and half of that was going to be paid for by the U.S. government and the other half, MACOM. Well, that plan was written actually in early and mid-2024 and so it's been almost three years, two and a half, three years. We have completely updated that plan Project Plan, and we have resubmitted it to the CHIPS office because a lot of things have changed regarding our capabilities. And we've taken our own actions to support the market. For example, when Wolfspeed decided to shut down their Durham fab, we were able to get a significant amount of equipment at pennies on the dollar. So we took advantage of that, and that equipment is now being put into service. We also have been spending a lot of money here in Lowell to expand the capacity in our FAB. So with all of those various moving parts, as well as a fresh look at what our needs are over the next three to five years, we are now reengaging with the CHIPS office with a completely rewritten project plan. And so we will continue to work with them and see if we can close the deal. We still have a lot of work to do. There's terms in what they call their DFA, Definitive Agreement, which are sort of non-starters for us. So we're continuing to negotiate a deal in this regard. And I mention this only because that will certainly be a huge benefit to MACOM as it relates to saving capital money, capital spending. Did you want to add anything, Jack?

Just to build upon your, I think, operating expense question, Sean, we've added some operating expenses over the past year. It's been at a much lower rate than the revenue growth that we've seen over that time period. will continue to be very disciplined in terms of how we look at our operating expenses. I think in my prepared remarks, I made reference to looking to leverage our OPEX where we need to, but also making sure that we're putting the investments in place where we think it's needed more specifically from an R&D point of view. And as you look out into the future, and I think we've talked about this, adding a couple $3 million per quarter as we go forward, all dependent upon How the business continues to grow and scale can give you a rough order of magnitude in terms of where OpEx would be as we look out into the future.

Thank you. Our next question, Q, coming from the line-off, Christopher Whelan with Cisco HANA. Your line is now open.

Hi, guys. Thanks for squeezing me in. I guess my first question is on copper. If you guys could perhaps talk on the opportunity for linear equalizers, both in ATC cable form and then also on PCB, what you kind of see for the rest of the year and into next year would be great.

Great question. Yes, we definitely see opportunities with equalizers that can be, as you highlighted, can be used in In a cable environment or a copper cable environment, some people refer those applications as ACC's, as well as on PC boards. And so we are absolutely seeing opportunities there. There is one large hyperscaler that is looking to deploy that type of a solution, a cable solution. The volumes are quite large, and we would expect to be part of that when that moves into production.

Excellent. And then on the cash situation, you have a strong cash flow generation for sure. I was wondering what Scrooge would like to do with his growing cash pile.

Yeah, and by the way, I don't think he's Scrooge, Jack. I think you're one of the best CFOs in the industry, and we are, and he and I are like-minded in being very conservative as we think about making investments, right? In terms of the cash, you know, our philosophy is you can never have enough cash, and we want to build that, and we've been making strategic investments, including the one we made in IQE about a quarter ago, and with that I'll see if Jack you want to continue that.

Yeah, I mean we've also looked to utilize our cash to pay down some of our debts as we go forward. We still have some debt to repay, internal investments both from a capital and from an operating expense perspective as we grow the business are top of mind. We've done a number of tuck-in type acquisitions over the past number of years that seems to suit us well in terms of how we round out our portfolio. So I think you'll see some of the same as we go forward from a capital deployment and cash utilization standpoint.

Thank you. Our next question coming from the line of William Stein with True Security, Ceylon, Melbourne.

Great. Thanks for taking my questions. Congrats on the good results and the great guidance. I'm hoping you talk a little bit about input cost inflation, whether you're seeing this influence your We definitely are seeing input costs increase whether it be labor, electricity, general utilities, raw materials. Costs are absolutely going up and our supply chain

and operations team I think do a very good job managing to optimize and minimize our costs. We try to pass those costs on to customers when possible. That's not always possible as you highlighted. And the good news is even during the last year or so as you've seen inflation increase, we've been able to expand our gross margins. If we continue to launch products that have strong pricing, are best in class, are non-commodity, then we should be able to continue to improve the profitability of the company. Jack, do you want to add to that?

I think you hit the nail on the head with our improving gross margin.

Great. And a follow-up is directly related to that. We're seeing margins continue to improve. In the past, I think this was a story around Industrial Demand and Utilization at Lowell. Can you maybe update and level set me on that going forward? Is this driven more by mix or utilization? Any color would be helpful. Thank you.

Sure. The utilization at our RTP North Carolina in Lowell, Massachusetts FABs continues to increase and all during a period where we're adding capacity. And so The good news is we have ample room to grow to meet our targets. Utilization rates are definitely driving some of our lead times out. So we are quoting longer lead times for products that are manufactured inside of Macom. But generally speaking, we have these things under control. The mix here in the Massachusetts fab is a combination of telecom, Defense, and now Data Center. This is sort of a new trend as we're really ramping up our indium phosphide products here. And yes, that mix will have a bearing on our overall profitability. These PD devices, as an example, are quite small. And so we're able to produce a lot of devices with not so many wafers, let's say. So we are cognizant of the mix shift. We're managing that. We actually think during 27 it will improve and continue to improve. And then when we bring the lasers on board, things should get even better. Jack, do you want to add to that?

I think just in terms of us being able to leverage some of the existing costs that we have in our existing manufacturing facilities as the top line grows, you're seeing that come through on the gross margin side. So we're pleased with how we've been able to leverage those costs.

Thank you. Our next question coming from the line of Carl Ackerman with BNP Paribas. Your line is now open.

Yes, thank you. I have two if I may. Steve, your datacom business is certainly breaking out. You're well exposed to address all merchant transceiver suppliers, but are you beginning to see a meaningful ramp of orders of optical components and lasers from hyperscalers designing their own in-house Obstacle Transceivers?

Yeah, so we are not a high volume manufacturer of lasers today. So that is, right now we are developing CW lasers primarily for silicon photonic applications. The type of lasers that we are producing today are for LR4, the 25 gig DFB lasers, also for CW DM4, so the classical 100 gig module market is more of a merchant market where we're selling those lasers into, let's say, the merchant market with companies that do not make their own lasers. That is today our business. What happens in the future is TBD. We'll certainly service any company that wants to buy our laser, whether they make their own or not.

Yep. Steve, historically you suggested that Datacom might be the smaller portion of your segment with more volatility than Telecom or IND, but given your commentary that Datacom could grow 50% or so next year and you've got growing R&D investments in this area, do you think Datacom could be in fact the largest opportunity for you over the next few years? Thank you.

Yeah, I'm not sure you got my commentary quite right in your question, but I'll say that when we look at the SAMs, The I&D and the data center SAMs are about the same at approximately $6 billion. So that's the opportunity we're chasing. And our ability to capture that market share will very much depend on timing of our successes, the design wins, our ability to beat competition, time to market, and things of that nature. But the growth opportunity in both of those large markets is quite big. Clearly, the Thank you. Our last questioner in queue will come from the line of Tim Savageman with Northland Capital Markets. Your line is now open.

Hey, good morning and double thanks for squeezing me in and congrats on the results. My question is about optical content in data center on the module front. You know, lasers and detectors relative to what you see currently on your TIA and driver ICs, it seems like that content could be larger, maybe significantly larger. and given your, you know, what I think is a pretty meaningful change in tone here, relative to the laser opportunity, I'd be interested in kind of your estimate of what kind of content you're chasing and I'll have a real quick follow-up.

Yes. I'm not sure I would agree that the laser and detector opportunity is larger than the driver and TIA. We've not made that statement and I don't want you to think That's what we're thinking. And we haven't specifically sized those product line categories and how big their SAM is. That's something that we have internal numbers and we have our thinking about that, but we've never said publicly which one we think is bigger. At the end of the day, they're both classes of products or, in our mind, multi-billion dollar product areas that we can service and we have unique technology, whether it's our chip design capability or our internal indium phosphide manufacturing capability. So we're sort of equally excited about both. We have different teams working on those technologies. The indium phosphide teams are primarily material scientists, fab engineers, process engineers and very experienced optical designers. The TIAs and drivers is very much a different set of talent. These are chip designers that have very good experience, a long experience working with high-speed interconnect and highly integrated devices that has various attributes, including programmable memory, digital content, high-speed analog, very high FT SIGI processes. and those chip designers have an expertise with the various protocols. So whether it's multi-mode, which has historically been a strength of Macom, and now single mode, and then of course coherent and coherent light. So those chip designers need to speak that language to develop the type of parts that our customers want and it's a completely different capability and we're very fortunate to have very strong teams in both areas and we would expect both product areas to grow significantly in the years to come.

And just to follow up, you know, the photo detectors is where you've gained your current foothold. Are we at a point, as you look at the second half, either the results you just reported and or the guide, where PDs are making a material impact in your growth currently and maybe by material, you know, and many more.

It's certainly helping drive growth here in our Massachusetts fab. Not only do we have what we believe to be one of the industry's best 200 gig PDs, but we've also launched higher data rate PDs, including a 400 gig PD, which is now in the hands of perhaps a dozen customers as they think about the next generation interconnects. So we are on the very front edge of and many more. Thank you. has industry-leading sensitivity, amazing dark currents, extremely reliable, and the customers certainly are enjoying the performance of those products.

Thank you. And that's all the time we have for our Q&A session. I will now turn the call back over to Mr. Daly for any closing comments.

Thank you. In closing, I'd like to thank the MACOM team for making these results possible. Have a nice day.

This concludes today's conference call. Thank you for your participation and you may now disconnect.